Found originally in Greece, this large terra cotta amphora dates around 300 BCE. An amphora has prehistoric origins within Eurasian countries, though primarily found and used in the Mediterranean world; these vessels were used to store goods like oil, wine, olives, and grains as they were traded across the sea, and are one of the earliest forms of standardized containerization. This type of pottery would be an inspiration for fine ceramics in countries like China and other East Asian cultures.

The terra cotta ceramic was shaped in a specific way. Narrow necks allowed for easy pouring, but also prevented large spills. Large handles attached the wide body to the neck for easy carrying, and the base of the amphora narrowed until it became a point, allowing the amphora to be embedded into the ground for upright filling. With their unique shape, amphora also assisted with storage on boats and prevented rolling.

What is so fascinating about the amphora is, like Greek statues, they were originally painted. Today we see stark white marble statues of gods and heroes, however, these statues were painted to make them look like real people. The cultures surrounding the Mediterranean were colorful, using rich dyes from plants and animals (such as the Murex snail), so nothing was left bland and colorless. Amphora used as good storage were often painted and stamped with the name of the merchant or shop in which the goods came from. You also see ornately painted amphora used in ceremonies and displayed as art used by individuals of a higher class. This type of amphora is known to us if you have seen Disney’s Hercules, as the amphora was used in the beginning during the Muses’ opening song.